Prince Turki Al Faisal (Saudi Arabia Former Government Official) – Berliner Forum Auenpolitik (Nov 2013)

Chapters

Abstract

Geopolitical Upheavals and Saudi Arabia’s Diplomatic Stance: Understanding the Complex Dynamics in the Middle East

The Middle East, a region renowned for its rich history and political complexity, is currently navigating an intricate landscape of geopolitical upheavals. These challenges encompass a range of issues, from the aspirations of the Arab Spring and the Syrian crisis, to Iran’s nuclear ambitions and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Central to this narrative is Saudi Arabia, under the guidance of figures like Turki al-Faisal, articulating a diplomatic stance that intertwines regional security, the legitimacy of governments, and advocacy for international law reform. This article delves into the multifaceted dimensions of these developments, highlighting the pivotal role of Saudi Arabia in shaping the outcomes and the urgent need for global leadership and UN reform.

Historical and Political Context of the Middle East:

The Middle East’s diverse countries are shaped by unique histories and colonial influences, leading to varied political systems and persistent instability. Failed political models, often recommended by intellectuals, have not met the aspirations of the people, exacerbating instability. Middle Eastern countries have diverse historical, economic, and political backgrounds despite shared factors like language, history, and religion. Colonialism and disputes shaped the political systems in the region, leading to instability and military coups in some countries. Political systems recommended by intellectuals failed to meet the aspirations of the people, resulting in widespread instability.

Recent Developments and Challenges:

Significant changes have occurred in the Middle East over the past three years, including the Arab Spring revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt. The Arab Spring revolutions reflected the desire for political change and stability in the region. Tunisia: The revolution led to political instability, with the Muslim Brotherhood gaining strength but facing challenges from other political actors. Economic struggles and violence persist. Egypt: The Muslim Brotherhood won 40% of parliamentary seats and the presidency, prompting Saudi Arabia to provide economic support. Despite this, millions of Egyptians continue to protest, demanding better living conditions. Yemen: Various political factions compete for control, leading to conflicts in different parts of the country. The king initiates a political process, aiming for a new constitution and elections. Bahrain: The Shiite party attempted to overthrow the king and establish an Islamic republic, leading to regional tensions.

Saudi Arabia has extended financial support to bolster Egypt’s economy. Saudi Arabia has provided economic support to countries experiencing political and economic turmoil, such as Egypt, Yemen, and Bahrain.

Yemen and Bahrain:

Yemen grapples with internal conflicts, highlighted by factions like the Houthis and Sunni groups. Saudi Arabia’s King Abdullah has spearheaded a political process in Yemen, aiming for constitutional reforms and elections. Yemen grapples with internal conflicts, highlighted by factions like the Houthis and Sunni groups. The king initiates a political process, aiming for a new constitution and elections. Bahrain faces tensions due to the Shiite party’s attempts to establish an Islamic republic. The Shiite party attempted to overthrow the king and establish an Islamic republic, leading to regional tensions.

Saudi Arabia’s Role and Initiatives:

Saudi Arabia has been instrumental in supporting regional stability and economic development. Saudi Arabia has traditionally maintained a policy of non-interference in the region, but the new Iranian president, Rouhani, has presented new challenges and opportunities. Al-Faisal expressed concerns about Iran’s financing of non-state units in various countries and its efforts to destabilize the region. Saudi Arabia seeks to encourage Iran to reconsider its Arab policy and to promote stability in the region. Saudi Arabia has actively supported Egypt, Yemen, and Bahrain financially. The country has set up an independent commission to address the situation in Bahrain and commissioned the government to follow its recommendations. Saudi Arabia is engaged in dialogue regarding the ongoing conflict in Syria.

The Syrian Crisis:

Syria’s ongoing civil war represents a major humanitarian crisis, necessitating immediate international intervention. Turki al-Faisal expressed concerns about the ongoing violence and suffering in Syria, including the government’s deadly military operations against its own people, supported by its allies. He criticized the international community for failing to take action to end the conflict, despite the elimination of certain weapons in Syria. Al-Faisal emphasized the need for a political solution, including asking Bashar al-Assad to take practical steps towards ending the violence and taking reasonable measures to improve the situation of the Syrian people. Saudi Arabia has taken a leading role in addressing the crises in Syria and Yemen, seeking to promote a political solution in Syria through the Security Council and providing assistance in Yemen. However, vetoes from Russia and China have hindered these efforts, preventing effective action by the international community.

Turki al-Faisal’s Address on Regional Security Issues:

Al-Faisal, a prominent Saudi diplomat, has expressed grave concerns over the Syrian crisis and criticized the international community for its inaction. He has urged for a political solution in Syria and a comprehensive approach to Iran’s nuclear program. Al-Faisal has emphasized Saudi Arabia’s desire for good relations with Iran, balanced with concerns over regional stability. The resolution of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is highlighted as crucial for regional peace.

Saudi Arabia’s Foreign Policy Principles:

Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy focuses on supporting Arab interests, recognizing legitimate governments, encouraging dialogue between governments and people, opposing intervention, and advocating for peaceful coexistence. Saudi Arabia aims to improve the Arab world’s situation and advance its interests in various areas. The Saudi government believes in supporting developments that enhance the government’s responsiveness to its people and ensure their well-being and security. Saudi Arabia opposes intervention, advocates for territorial integrity, and seeks stability in the region.

Need for Global Leadership and UN Reform:

Saudi Arabia underscores the necessity of global leadership and calls for restructuring the world order. Saudi Arabia strives to maintain good relations with its neighbors through cooperation and participation in institutions like the Arab League and the UN. The country emphasizes adherence to national law, treaties, conventions, and regional and global peace-promoting institutions. Saudi Arabia recognizes the importance of global leadership and calls for restructuring the world order to reflect new realities. The kingdom seeks reforms to the UN system, including the Security Council, to ensure a more representative and effective global body.



The Middle East’s current state reflects a complex amalgamation of historical, political, and social factors. Saudi Arabia, under the leadership of figures like Turki al-Faisal, plays a pivotal role in navigating these challenges. The country’s diplomatic efforts, focused on regional stability, legitimate governance, and global cooperation, are critical in shaping the region’s future. However, the need for broader global leadership and substantial UN reform remains evident, especially in addressing pressing issues like the Syrian conflict and Iran’s nuclear program. The path to stability and peace in the Middle East hinges on a nuanced understanding of these dynamics and concerted international efforts.

Notes by: TransistorZero