Jennifer Doudna (UC Berkeley Professor) – From Ribosomes to Revolution (Aug 2021)


Chapters

00:00:00 Scientists' Growing Relationship With the Public
00:10:38 Engaging Scientists in Public Communication
00:14:11 Communicating Complex Ideas in Science
00:18:06 Engaging Others with Fascinating Science
00:20:28 Communicating Science for Public Engagement
00:31:07 Navigating the Challenges of Genome Editing Communication and Engagement
00:36:13 Communicating Science: From Elevator Pitch to Passionate Advocacy
00:38:55 Expert Advice on Science Communication
00:40:56 Tips for Collaborating Between Scientists and Communications Professionals
00:43:14 Awe, Curiosity, and Engaging the Public in Basic Science

Abstract

Exploring the Art of Science Communication: Jennifer Doudna’s Journey from Laboratory to Public Sphere

Nobel laureate Jennifer Doudna’s insights into communicating complex scientific concepts, particularly regarding CRISPR technology, underscore the evolving role of scientists in public discourse. Initially media-shy, Doudna has transitioned into a proponent of accessible science communication, emphasizing the need for clear, relatable explanations and the significance of passionate advocacy in science. Her journey reflects a broader shift in the scientific community, balancing the depth of research with the breadth of public engagement. This article delves into Doudna’s transformation, her strategies for effective communication, and the wider implications for scientists navigating the intricate landscape of public discourse and ethical responsibilities.

1. Jennifer Doudna’s Transformation in Public Communication:

Jennifer Doudna, renowned for her groundbreaking work in CRISPR technology, initially harbored apprehensions about public engagement due to fears of misrepresentation. Over time, she embraced the importance of communicating science, overcoming the academia’s traditional prioritization of lab work over public outreach. Doudna’s experiences highlight the importance of connecting with non-experts, the challenges of delivering complex messages, and the evolution from being media-shy to an adept public communicator.

Jennifer Doudna’s Journey to Communicating Basic Science:

Jennifer Doudna’s introduction to media interest was through her advisor’s work on the origin of life. She recognized the importance of explaining research to non-specialists, even though it could be challenging. CRISPR’s potential and responsibility brought the need for effective communication to the forefront for Doudna.

Understanding the Importance of Enthusiasm:

In engaging an audience, the speaker emphasizes the significance of enthusiasm. Passionate communication attracts attention and draws people into the topic. Students have expressed how their professors’ enthusiasm influenced their interest in obscure topics.

Developing Strong Communication Skills:

Doudna emphasizes the importance of scientists developing strong communication and advocacy skills. She advises scientists to have an “elevator pitch” ready to explain their research and its significance to people from different backgrounds. Training opportunities, such as sessions led by actor Alan Alda’s science communication organization, are available to help scientists improve their communication abilities.

2. The Role of Passion and Authenticity in Science Communication:

Doudna’s approach emphasizes the power of enthusiasm and authenticity in engaging the public. By shedding the professional guard and inviting open dialogue, scientists can foster interest and understanding. Doudna’s own journey, marked by her awe at the wonders of biological mechanisms like RNA self-programming, illustrates how genuine passion can be a driving force in captivating audiences and disseminating scientific knowledge.

The Importance of a Larger Context:

Joe Palka highlights the difficulty scientists face in explaining the significance of their work within a broader context. Doudna emphasizes the need to start with “why” – the purpose and point of the research – before delving into details. The pandemic provided opportunities to explain the role of fundamental research in vaccine development and virus understanding.

Avoiding a Lecturing Approach:

Effective communication involves a more conversational and humanized approach. Experts should aim to invite and engage the audience, fostering a sense of mutual respect. Lecturing can create a barrier between the speaker and the audience.

3. Overcoming the Challenges of Public Engagement in Science:

Conveying scientific information to the public presents unique challenges, especially on topics like vaccines and germline modification. Doudna highlights the necessity for scientists to go beyond just presenting facts and data, considering the diverse biases and motivations that influence public perception. She advocates for active engagement in advocating scientific advancements, recognizing the delicate balance between maintaining objectivity and championing scientific progress.

Challenges in Media Engagement:

Some senior scientists show disinterest in media engagement and discourage their students from participating, emphasizing the importance of laboratory work instead. Doudna admits to feeling intimidated by media interactions due to concerns about misinterpretations or garbled messages.

Addressing Scientists’ Concerns About Self-Disclosure:

Some scientists may feel uncomfortable revealing their personalities to the public. The speaker acknowledges this challenge and emphasizes the value of personal connection. Scientists who struggle with self-disclosure may need to find ways to become comfortable with it or consider alternative communication strategies.

Engaging with Journalists:

Joe Palka stresses that interviews should not be one-way conversations. Scientists should engage with journalists to ensure understanding and accuracy. Asking journalists to clarify or repeat information is acceptable and beneficial.

4. Navigating Ethical Dilemmas in Science Communication:

Doudna shares insights into her personal struggles with ethical dilemmas, especially regarding germline modification. Her journey from opposition to considering ethical justifications exemplifies the importance of engaging with affected communities. This engagement not only informs scientific research but also enriches the ethical discourse surrounding sensitive scientific topics.

Stereotypes and Communication in Science:

Jennifer Doudna emphasizes the need for scientists to be able to effectively communicate their work to non-experts. She acknowledges the challenges of explaining complex scientific concepts in accessible ways, especially when discussing new technologies with both exciting opportunities and potential risks. Doudna compares this challenge to the “Carl Sagan syndrome,” where scientists who excel at communication are often perceived as less capable in their scientific field.

Delegation as a Possible Solution:

Recognizing that science communication may not suit everyone’s preferences is important. In cases where scientists are reluctant to engage directly with the public, delegation can be an effective approach. Extroverted team members or “compensating introverts” may be willing to take on the role of spokesperson.

5. Effective Communication Strategies in Science:

Recognizing the potential miscommunication risks, Doudna stresses the importance of crafting messages with care and guiding discussions to convey critical information effectively. She recommends using analogies, metaphors, and visual aids to make complex ideas relatable. Her approach to science communication, involving collaboration with experts across various fields, offers a blueprint for other scientists to effectively engage diverse audiences.

The Evolving Media Landscape for Science Communication:

Doudna observes the increasing role of podcasts and values their digestible and conversational format. She appreciates NPR’s interview-style shows for their real-time discussions on science. Doudna finds platforms like TikTok and Instagram less effective due to their limited information capacity.

Public Understanding and Decision-Making:

The public’s understanding of scientific information alone may not be sufficient for them to make informed decisions. Factors such as biases and personal values influence decision-making, even when presented with facts and data.

6. The Significance of Curiosity-Driven Research:

Balancing between curiosity-driven research and its practical applications, Doudna underscores the value of fundamental research in contributing to transformative scientific advancements. She advocates for communicating the intrinsic value of basic science to the public, encouraging them to appreciate the significance of curiosity and exploration in scientific endeavors.

Public Communication in Science:

Jennifer Doudna expresses a varied and open approach to podcasts, listening to them during walks based on recommendations or personal interests. She recognizes the wide range of topics covered in podcasts and appreciates the format’s ability to address diverse issues.

Scientists as Advocates:

Scientists face a dilemma between maintaining objectivity and advocating for important scientific issues with potential life-or-death implications, such as vaccination. The desire for scientists to remain apolitical and objective can conflict with the need to communicate vital information to the public.

Awe in Basic Science:

Doudna expresses awe at the discovery that bacteria use RNA molecules to fight viruses, a fascinating example of evolution. This showcases the beauty and complexity of biological systems.

Opportunities with CRISPR Technology:

CRISPR technology holds immense potential to cure genetic diseases and address various health challenges. Its progress in treating sickle cell disease exemplifies its practical applications and impact.

Challenges in Making CRISPR Accessible:

Doudna emphasizes ensuring CRISPR technology is accessible to everyone, regardless of location or socioeconomic status.

Engaging the Public in Basic Science:

Doudna recognizes the struggle faced by basic scientists pursuing research for knowledge rather than immediate applications. She highlights the value of fundamental research in advancing core biological principles and the unexpected practical applications that may arise.

Justifying Basic Research without Tangible Applications:

Palka emphasizes the importance of explaining basic research to the public in a way that sparks curiosity and encourages exploration of the unknown.

Understanding Public Knowledge and Misconceptions:

Doudna stresses the need to understand what the public knows and doesn’t know about science to effectively engage them in scientific discussions.

The Continuous Evolution of Science Communication:

Jennifer Doudna’s experiences in communicating science reflect an ongoing journey, requiring continual adaptation and learning. By engaging respectfully with the public, addressing concerns, and fostering a scientifically literate society, scientists like Doudna play a crucial role in bridging the gap between complex scientific research and public understanding. Her journey from a reserved researcher to an influential public communicator exemplifies the evolving role of scientists in today’s rapidly changing media landscape.

Advice to Younger Self:

Doudna would advise her younger self to embrace media engagement and public communication, recognizing its value in disseminating scientific information. She emphasizes the importance of finding a balance between research and outreach, aligning with personal interests and abilities.

Navigating Ethical Implications:

The example of germline modification illustrates the challenges of grappling with ethical dilemmas when scientific possibilities emerge. Ongoing discussions and careful management are necessary to address ethical concerns and ensure responsible use of scientific advancements.

Key Takeaway:

Doudna’s narrative serves as a testament to the essential role of scientists in public communication, highlighting the need for clarity, passion, and ethical consideration in their interactions with the broader society. Her transformation offers valuable insights for the scientific community to navigate the complex terrain of public engagement, ethical responsibilities, and the relentless pursuit of knowledge.


Notes by: WisdomWave